In modern factories, especially in the FMCG, F&B, and packaging industries, safety monitoring is no longer limited to “video recording” but is shifting to real-time AI-based behavioral analysis. To achieve this, AI monitoring systems commonly employ two methods: Bounding Box and Skeleton-based AI (Pose Estimation). Each method has its own operation, advantages, and applications in industrial environments.
I. What is Bounding Box?
Bounding Box is an AI technique that uses rectangular frames to identify and track objects in video, such as people, robots, forklifts/AGVs, pallets, containers, or obstacles in walkways. By analyzing the position and movement of each object, the AI can determine what the object is, where it is, whether it is entering a hazardous area, or if it is blocking a walkway and getting too close to a robot’s operating area.
This method is commonly used in industrial safety monitoring applications such as detecting people entering robot areas, monitoring hazardous areas, detecting obstacles on conveyors or AGV walkways, and controlling safe distances between people and machinery in factories.
II. What is Skeleton-Based AI?
Skeleton-based AI (Pose Estimation) is an AI technology capable of identifying joint points on the human body such as the shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, knees, and ankles. From these points, the AI will build a “virtual skeleton” to analyze the posture, movement, and behavior of workers in real time.
Unlike Bounding Box, which primarily determines the position of an object in space, Skeleton AI can understand in more detail how people are moving and manipulating. Therefore, the system can identify unsafe behaviors such as incorrect bending posture, not holding onto handrails when climbing stairs, not adhering to the three-point contact rule, or performing dangerous operations in the production area.
III. When should you use a Bounding Box?
Bounding Boxes are particularly suitable when businesses need to monitor large areas with high levels of continuous movement, such as FMCG warehouses, packaging plants, AGV areas, or palletizing lines. This technology allows AI to quickly identify the location of people, vehicles, and objects in space to detect hazardous situations in real time.
In addition, Bounding Boxes are also very effective in applications for detecting intrusion into hazardous areas, such as people entering robot areas or approaching high-speed packaging machines. Simultaneously, the system supports monitoring obstacles and traffic flow within the factory, helping to detect pallets blocking pathways, fallen objects on the floor, or obstacles affecting AGV access.
In high-speed F&B and packaging factories, Bounding Boxes are widely used due to their fast processing capabilities, stable operation, and good compatibility with wide-angle camera systems.
IV. When should you use Skeleton-based AI?
Skeleton AI is suitable when detailed behavioral analysis is needed:
1. Monitoring safe operations
Skeleton-based AI is particularly effective in monitoring the operations and working postures of workers in real time. The system can identify compliance with the 3-point contact rule when climbing stairs, detect incorrect lifting techniques, or warn of unsafe working postures that pose a risk of injury in the production environment.
2. Analyzing human behavior
Skeleton-based AI can analyze the detailed movement and behavior of workers to detect unsafe situations in the factory. The system can identify behaviors such as dangerous climbing, incorrect bending posture, or unsafe interaction with operating machinery, thereby supporting early warning and reducing the risk of workplace accidents.
3. Advanced EHS Applications
Skeleton-based AI is particularly useful in manufacturing environments requiring stringent EHS standards, such as food processing plants, FMCG factories, electronics factories, and cleanrooms. In these areas, adherence to proper behavior and operating procedures is crucial for ensuring product safety, quality, and manufacturing hygiene standards.
IV. Comparison of advantages and disadvantages
In practice, i-Soft’s Safety AI CCTV combines both technologies to optimize efficiency:
1. In the FMCG industry:
- Bounding Box: monitoring AGVs, conveyors, and pallets
- Skeleton: monitoring worker operations
2. In the F&B industry:
- Bounding Box: controlling production areas
- Skeleton: monitoring hygiene behavior and safe operations
3. In the Packaging industry:
- Bounding Box: robot operating areas
- Skeleton: detecting bypass interlocks or hazardous behavior
This combination helps reduce false alarms, increase accuracy, and optimize operational performance and safety.
VI. Learn More About Safety AI CCTV
Bounding Box and Skeleton-based AI are not two “replacements,” but rather two complementary methods to help AI better understand the production environment.
- Bounding Box helps AI understand “where objects are.”
- Skeleton helps AI understand “what people are doing.”
When integrated into a Safety AI CCTV system, AI not only monitors but can also:
- Detect hazardous behavior.
- Provide real-time alerts.
- Support businesses in building proactive safety models.
Discover how Safety AI CCTV helps FMCG, F&B, and Packaging factories improve safety, reduce risks, and optimize operations through intelligent real-time monitoring.
i-Soft
►Address: 115 N2 Road, Long Truong Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
►Hotline: 0989 739 488
►Email: info@i-soft.com.vn